More and more new airlines are showing up at a runway near you. Why?

Because the airline business is plagued by an absence of economies of scale. And what that means is any small player can go out and lease planes at a lower cost and compete against the big airlines.

And what’s the result? This means lower fares. And who are the latest entrants?

French Bee is a long-haul, low-cost airline that flies round-trip between San Francisco and Paris for $330.

Then, there’s Level. And it’s flying from Boston to Buenos Aires and from Montreal to Barcelona, starting at $149 each way.

And Air Italy is just a year old, and it flies between New York and Milan from $444 round-trip.